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Modernism (Italian: modernismo "modern flow" from the Latin modernus "modern, recent") - based on the philosophy of positivism, the paradigm of artificial and controlled by the mind changes in the social environment and social relations.

Modernism - a set of artistic trends in the art of the second half of the nineteenth - early twentieth century. The most significant modernist tendencies were Impressionism, Symbolism, Art Nouveau, Expressionism, Neo- and Post-Impressionism, Fauvism, Cubism, Futurism.

"Modernism in architecture" is an expression often used as a synonym for the term "modern architecture", but the latter term is still broader. Modernism in architecture embraces the work of pioneers of modern architecture and their followers in the time interval from the beginning of the 1920s (in Europe) and the 70-80s, when new trends arose in architecture.